The Stress Response

Various therapies preach that “feelings aren’t facts.” This is a useful admonishment inside or outside of therapy. Though our feelings are real, and therefore factual in a sense, the aphorism suggests that our perceptions may depart from objective reality. We may bitterly recall that time our mother ignored our crying, whereas she may not have been wearing her glasses and hence truly didn’t notice our tears. People can carry such misapprehensions around with them for decades, not realizing that they misinterpreted or exaggerated the events around them.

So we don’t have to be mentally ill to benefit from therapy’s sage advice, just as we don’t have to be addicts to appreciate the slogan “One Day at a Time” or the Serenity Prayer. Christy Matta’s new book, The Stress Response (New Harbinger Publications), reveals the relevance of another brand of therapy to our everyday lives.

Her subtitle reads, “How dialectical behavior therapy can free you from needless anxiety, worry, anger, and other symptoms of stress.” Developed to treat borderline personality disorder, DBT encourages meditation, mindfulness, and acceptance. It teaches people with borderline symptoms to embrace paradox and eschew the black-and-white thinking that causes them such suffering.

One approach is replacing dichotomous thinking with dialectical thinking. When we’re feeling stressed, we think in extremes: the boss is out to get us, our husband never helps with the housework, or our friends just don’t care about us. Dialectical thinking allows us to think in gray: sometimes our boss doesn’t listen, our husband could stand to help out a little more, and our friends just didn’t call us back today. Letting go of perfectionist thoughts and catastrophic thinking can help us calm down.

As Matta makes clear, people under stress (pretty much all of us) succumb to borderline tendencies sometimes–to perseverate about our problems, blame people, and stay “revved up” in a flight-or-fight state in order to meet our life’s challenges. In contrast, learning radical acceptance helps us let go of stress and relax our unproductive vigilance.

The Stress Response shows how therapeutic wisdom can help anyone, not just patients in therapy. Stress harms us both emotionally and physically, but Matta demonstrates how we can manage that stress by learning some new skills.

P.S. Christy Matta interviewed me a few months back at her website here.

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In Memoriam

I was rereading Bobbie Ann Mason’s lovely 1988 novel Spence + Lila today when I heard that my mother-in-law, Grace Ewing, had died this morning. I read this passage soon after the news.

Sixty-six-year-old Spence is surveying his Kentucky farm. Lila, his wife, is hospitalized for several serious illnesses, and her family is concerned that she might not make it.

He follows the creek line down toward the back fields. In the center of one of the middle fields is a rise with a large, brooding old oak tree surrounded by a thicket of blackberry briers. From the rise, he looks out over his place. This is it. This is all there is in the world—it contains everything there is to know or possess, yet everywhere people are knocking their brains out trying to find something different, something better. His kids all scattered, looking for it. Everyone always wants a way out of something like this, but what he has here is the main thing there is—just the way things grow and die, the way the sun comes up and goes down every day. These are the facts of life. They are so simple they are almost impossible to grasp. It’s like looking up at the stars at night, seeing them strung out like seed corn, sprinkled randomly across the sky. Stars seem simple, even monotonous, because there’s no way to understand them. The ocean was like that, too, blank and deep and easy.

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Acts of Kindness

Last week I received an email from a New Yorker named Mark, who had stumbled across my essay about my dad’s acquaintance with Alger Hiss. (Short refresher: At the beginning of the Red Scare, Hiss was accused of committing espionage while serving in FDR’s State Department. He spent about four years in prison for perjury. It was a very big deal at the time.) The name Vodrey came up in my piece; Bill Vodrey, an executive at the Canton Repository, where my dad worked, had attended law school with Hiss. Vodrey introduced my dad and Alger. (Sorry this is so complicated. It gets worse.)

Anyway, Mark was googling the Vodreys, because Mark’s dad had also worked for the Repository, and one of the Vodrey brothers (Bill or Joe) had helped his family out when his dad died. They provided a plane to fly Mark’s family to Arlington for the burial and later lent them their beach home in North Carolina for a few vacations. About to vacation in NC, Mark was whiling away a lunch hour trying to figure out which Vodrey had lent them the home, when Google led him to my piece.

More amazingly, Mark also has a Hiss connection. In the ’70’s, Hiss had delivered a speech at Michican State. Mark’s roommate helped with the speaker’s program there, and Mark got to meet Hiss. He has fond memories of Hiss’s friendliness and kindness.

He emailed me just to convey these serendipities.

By another coincidence, I received Mark’s email (via my new iPhone) while we were in NYC, visiting my daughter. Mark, an attorney, and I met at a Starbucks for coffee on Thursday, providing a restful interlude for this footsore tourist. We had an enjoyable talk about the Rep and Alger and Ohio and other things.

The thoughtfulness of the Vodreys, whoever they are, brought us together. For both of us, this is a mythic name from the ’50s and ’60s when we were children. One or another of these men introduced my homesick dad, hospitalized in NYC for months, to Hiss, who continued weekly visits; helped provide a plane, and later a vacation spot, for Mark’s grieving family; and may have been instrumental in helping my dad get all the medical care he needed. (He was a paraplegic.) My dad and our family also got to fly on that private plane to New York for my dad’s hospitalizations.

Then there’s Alger, who was extremely kind to my dad and gracious to Mark when he was a young college student.

There’s also Mark, who took the trouble to contact me and interrupted his work day to visit with me and my husband.

On the bus to LaGuardia on our way home yesterday, we saw an Asian man frantically feeling around in his pockets as he came on board the crowded bus. A young African-American woman, realizing the guy couldn’t find his Metrocard, stepped to the front of the bus and said, “Here. Take a swipe of mine.”

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Best Practices

 
David Finch

The Journal of Best Practices by David Finch purports to offer marriage advice to people with Asperger syndrome. Finch discovered he had the disorder when his beleagered wife administered an online personality test, on which he scored 155 out of a possible 200. He answered an emphatic “yes” to such questions as, “Do you feel tortured by clothes tags, clothes that are too tight or are made in the ‘wrong material’?”

The book’s advice, however, can apply to anyone’s relationship and everyone’s life. Chapter headings include “When necessary, redefine perfection” and “Just listen.” Most affectingly, Finch decides to examine and change his own behavior.  

Though his wife Kristen is probably not perfect (but she seems pretty close), he nowhere addresses her flaws. Instead, he works on himself, and he works very hard. The title’s journal of best practices is for real; in his obsessive, Asbergian manner, he keeps detailed notes on his own insights, Kristen’s suggestions, and his successes and failures. He’s hilarious, by the way.

Sometimes, of course, our spouses (or parents or partners) are so over-the-top awful–ragingly alcoholic or abusive, say–that changing our behavior is destructively co-dependent. But, in most situations, it makes sense to do what we can, and what we can do is change how we react. My feeble attempts to change my own self instead of the Other so have made a great difference at different times in my life.

We can’t change the other person. What we can do is look in the mirror.

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Surprising Myself

I had no idea I would enjoy and even admire Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother by Amy Chua. I had no intention of even reading it until a couple of friends, Robin and Bill, vouched for it on Facebook. Glad their endorsements swayed me.

I had inferred that the book was a sensationalist screed. Though I hadn’t read Janet Maslin’s review in the New York Times, I’d somehow absorbed its point of view: that Chua is a brutal, self-involved, humorless tyrant, lacking in self-awareness and utterly self-righteous. If you noticed the media reports about this book, you knew that Chua didn’t let her daughters go on playdates, that she made them practice their piano and violin for hours at a time, that she once tore up their homemade birthday cards for her because they were slapdash, and that she generally punished and pushed her kids way beyond what an average American does. In the shorthand accounts I saw, she came across as closeminded and even cruel.

In fact, Chua’s humor and self-questioning make this book interesting. It’s well-written and engrossing. It makes you wonder if you (i.e. Western Parent) should have pushed your kids a little bit more, at the same time you’re wincing at Chua’s excesses.

In an interview on NPR, Chua said, “I’m still struggling, right? I mean I don’t have the answers.” Her book’s front cover makes this ambivalence clear. It says:

“This was supposed to be a story of how Chinese parents are better at raising kids than Western ones. But instead, it’s about a bitter clash of cultures, a fleeting taste of glory, and how I was humbled by a thirteen-year-old.”

It’s as though the reviewers read each other’s reviews instead of the book. As though they didn’t even read the book’s cover. Chua’s younger daughter rebelled against her stringent parenting, and the subsequent conflicts and questions and doubts about parenting make the story.

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Venting

To vent means to express a strong emotion. I am about to vent in the hopes of ending my perseverating. To perseverate, a psychological term, means to repeat a response after the cessation of the stimulus. In my case, right now, perseveration means continuing a thought obsessively, going over and over the same thing, without any resolution.

Both words come from Latin. Your furnace vents, ventilation, a vent (slit) in the back of a skirt, and venting a complaint all derive from ventus, the Latin word for wind. You see the connections, right? Like the wind, air circulates in vents and ventilation and might cool off the back of your legs if your skirt has a vent. The verb, the metaphorical venting I’m doing through this blog post, is releasing pressure, letting my windy complaints blow out.

Aeolus chatting with Juno

My Vergil class recently encountered the word ventus in one of my favorite passages from The Aeneid. Aeolus, the god of the winds, releases the tempests from the mountain where they’re entrapped to sink Aeneas’s ships. Juno has ordered him to do so because she hates Aeneas and the Trojans. Her grudge goes back to the Trojan Paris, who chose Venus over her in a beauty contest, thereby winning Helen from the Greeks and starting the Trojan War. Regarding the storm, Vergil writes (more or less), “The East Wind forces three ships out of the deep into the shallows and sand bars (wretched to see) and dashes them on the shoals, surrounding them with a mound of sand…Swimmers appear far apart on the vast abyss, men, weapons, planks, and Trojan treasures lie spread over the waves.” The released venti, like Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans, wreak havoc.

I’m hoping by venting here, not to wreak havoc, but to put an end to my perseverating. That’s from the Latin persevere, meaning to persist. For the last few days, I’ve had obsessively persistent thoughts about two students who are headed for failure in my class. They complete their homework by copying from sources online and do their quizzes by copying straight from the textbook. When I asked one of them, for example, to count to ten in Latin, he was unable to do so. This is his sixth month of Latin study.

On hearing my friendly warning that he was about to fail the course, he went to my department head to complain about me. He wants a chance to retake the quizzes he’s failed so far. The other student showed up to her tutor today (a relationship arranged by me to help her) with more homework copied from the internet.

I can’t reason with them. They seem to think that if they write words down on paper, they are deserving of credit. Whether the words are copied verbatim from somewhere or make no sense doesn’t seem to matter. Here are some sentences they have turned in an attempt to translate Latin: If you wish for grevious war the life change him in a few hours and Caesar not precipitate his force fund. Sic. Force fund.  I did not make these up.

I hasten to say, these students do not represent the general run of my students. They are egregious examples (from the Latin ex + grex—outside of the flock).

I’m finished venting. Maybe now I can stop perseverating.

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Crazy Mommies, Once Again

Darrell Hammond

Darrell Hammond, formerly of “Saturday Night Live” (where he perfected his smarmy Bill Clinton impression), has been promoting his memoir on lots of media outlets. God, If You’re Not Up There, I’m F*ed  recounts his story of depression and drug addiction and eventually gets around to the trauma that started it all–horrendous abuse from his mentally ill mother and the neglect of his alcoholic father.

Hammond’s book supports the thesis put forward by Merrill Markoe in her memoir that funny people frequently have crazy moms. A sense of irony develops when your mom hits you with a hammer and sticks your fingers in the light socket. Humor, along with drugs and alcohol, is a survival mechanism.

Hammond never explicitly diagnoses his mom, who seems more sociopathic than borderline. He surmises that she, too, was abused, and this helps him feel a little bit forgiving, though this process, understandably, will take a little while.

I liked Hammond’s book, though much of it was painful to read. He’s also a little crude for me, a little too reliant (a la recent SNL) on sexual and bathroom humor. His story is a bracing example of how little you can judge people from the outside. When he was stepping on stage to entertain us, he frequently had just chugged a drink or even cut himself, in weird and desperate attempts to calm himself.

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Sharing Information

Tonight I stopped into Presti’s, a comfortable café in Cleveland’s Little Italy with good food, to pick up some takeout after my late-afternoon class. A bunch of older men were sitting together at a big table, hanging out and talking.

“Guess how many hot dogs that company sells a year?”one said to the others.

“Just at the stadium, or all over?” someone asked.

“All over,” he answered. “All their sales put together.”

Someone guessed, and then the man cited the real figure, some astronomical number in the millions. Incredulity all around.

Then the first man posed another question: “How much guacamole do you think they sell?”

Same basic conversation. Low-ball estimates followed by the man’s astounding real figure. Eight billion tons, or something like that.

I smiled at the young woman waiting on me and asked, “Are those guys in here all the time?” She said yes, pretty much every day, and smiled back.

They were kind of loud but not obnoxious. They were affable, cheerful, and good-natured. Enjoying themselves.

What I was thinking was that I have never experienced a conversation like that with a group of women. I have been in plenty of conversations with men exactly like that, sometimes at home with my husband and son. What’s the highest mountain in Europe? What’s the most populous city in whatever country? Where’s the deepest lake? How much guacamole does a particular company sell every year?

This is how men talk about sports. They compare what they know about statistics and careers.

I call this “sharing information,” and, I repeat, I have never been in a conversation like this with women. A woman might say that Mexico City is the most populous city in the Western Hemisphere, and the others agree or disagree briefly, and then we move on. It’s a fact, it can be checked, and there’s nothing more (from our point of view) to say about it.

I first noticed this gender-related conversation style when waiting out the conversations my husband has with other film buffs after movies.

What else did that guy direct? Did he win an Oscar for that one or the other one? Did you ever see his first movie? How many has he made?

Somebody may, at some point, mention liking the first movie or the last movie or the guacamole, and someone else might concur. But pretty soon it gets back to the sharing of information. Did that other movie come out in 1994 or 1995?

I do not mean this as criticism. The men in Presti’s today were enjoying themselves, and it was amusing to hear them. It’s certainly not my place to tell them what to talk about, but I did not want to join them. I want to exit those sports and film conversations. When my husband and son start batting back and forth some suggestions as to the relative land area of Minnesota and Wyoming, I tune out.

We have the internet now. Why not just look up populations and altitudes and land areas and Oscar winners, and talk about something else? I’m missing, somehow, the entertainment value of these conversations.Oh, yes, a male friend told me once—you want to talk about feelings all the time. He said the word with such disdain! That’s right. I would rather talk about feelings. He can feel free not to participate.

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Who Makes Our Crap?

Last week, I turned on WCPN, one of our NPR stations, while I was in the car and heard the end of This American Life. The segment concerned the conditions under which Chinese workers produce our iPhones and other technological devices. This just after, as I wrote in my last post, having received a new, exciting iPhone for Christmas. Why, I wondered, did I have to turn on the radio just at that moment?

Mike Daisey, a monologist, reports on his visits to Chinese factories and talks with Chinese workers in an excerpt from his one-man show. A self-described Apple fan-boy, Daisey, like me, had never really thought about how his cherished electronic things were made.

On his undercover trip to China, he visited Foxconn sites–a manufacturer of much of our technology. He saw 13-year-old workers. He saw 20,000 people working in utter silence for 12 or 14 hours or more. He saw dorm rooms with fifteen beds piled into small rooms.

It’s a great program. Give it a listen, and tell me what you think.

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The Turn

“One of the most devastating experiences for children of borderlines is ‘The Turn,’” writes Christine Anne Lawson. “The Turn is a sudden attack, the abrupt withdrawal of love and affection, and razor-sharp words that can pierce the heart as painfully as an arrow.” Lawson’s book, Understanding the Borderline Mother, is a must-read for anyone who had, or thinks they had, a parent with borderline personality disorder.

This holiday season has reminded me of a memorable Turn.

My mother stopped driving and stopped going out, more or less, when I was in college. Christmas would roll around, and, it was assumed, I’d do the Christmas shopping for her. I did this well into my twenties. There were my two sisters to buy for, along with their husbands and kids.

I’d ask my mom for some ideas and for some monetary limitations. How much to get? How much to spend? She would shrug or say something like, “You can decide.”

This burdensome task made me feel conflicted. I knew my mother’s criticism was waiting in the wings, preparing to make its entrance when I had made my purchases. I felt unsure and stressed, as everyone is, during the holiday season, trying to keep track of a list and making sure I’d checked everyone off. I bought gifts both in my mom’s name and my own. I knew how much I could afford but had no real idea what my mother wanted me to spend. She wasn’t wealthy but had managed her money well and had a healthy bank account.

At the same time, I naturally loved the whole process. I was out in the bustle of the shopping centers and (brand-new) malls. I bought a lot on my mom’s behalf and imagined my nieces and nephews and everyone else opening their gifts. It was fun.

It was fun, burdensome, and stressful at the same time. I’m sure my mother never once thanked me for doing this, or for wrapping each gift alone when I got home.

One year, after a particularly successful shopping trip, I came home carrying many bags and found my mom sitting in the living room watching TV, just as she’s pictured on my home page. I pulled out the gifts, enthusiastically showing her my finds. At first, she had a pained smile on her face and said little. She often looked as though she was trying to react in a normal or positive way but couldn’t quite pull it off.

Then abruptly she spoke up. “You sure do like spending my money, don’t you?” she snapped.

I felt like my legs had been sliced at the knees and I was lying in a heap on the living room floor. I asked her what I’d done wrong.  Did I get too much? Want me to return some things? She just shook her head and looked away at those questions. No response and no guidelines.

Here’s something I’ve just explicitly realized about this incident. She was right, and that’s why it hurt so much. If I had hated every second of shopping, complained about it, and not taken it seriously, I could have shaken off her words. But I did enjoy spending her money. That’s why I sputtered and why I still, even now, feel defensive.

It’s a thing about the disorder. People with BPD are not psychotic. They’re not hallucinating in their own separate reality. They’re in touch, mostly, with reality, albeit sometimes distorted. They frequently are insightful, especially about ways they are left out, hurt, and abandoned.

In fact, frequently The Turn contains truth. Not all the truth, and certainly not a loving, forgiving truth. It contains just enough truth to set you back on your heels and make you guilty and angry at the same time.

Share your own examples here.

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